622563
레일스 배포 구조와 방법
619793
2007-12-02T04:19:02Z
http://ikspres.springnote.com/pages/622563
2007-11-29T02:45:13Z
<p> </p>
<h1>Rails 배포</h1>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h2 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em">1.배포 구조의 결정</h2>
<h2 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em">2. 배포 방법의 자동화</h2>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em"> </p>
<p> </p>
<h4> </h4>
<h1>1. 배포 구조의 결정</h1>
<p> </p>
<h1>배포 구조 결정의 기준</h1>
<ul>
<li>성능</li>
<li>확장성</li>
<li>용이성</li>
<li>타 웹프레임워크 지원</li>
<li>정적 파일 처리</li>
<li>SSL</li>
<li>...</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>완전 기본 - Webrick</h1>
<ul>
<li>순수 루비 웹서버</li>
<li>+ 설치, 설정 불필요</li>
<li>- 성능</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h1>빠르지만 고통스러운 - Apache + Fast CGI</h1>
<ul>
<li>public/.htaccess , public/dispatch.fcgi</li>
<li>- 500 Internal Server Error</li>
<li>+ 성능</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>한 때 날렸던 - <span style="COLOR: #ff0000">Lighttpd</span> + Fast CGI</h1>
<ul>
<li>+ 안정적 Fast CGI 지원</li>
<li>+ 쉬운 설정</li>
<li>- 개발이 다소 정체 상태</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>지금은? 완전 개 판!</h1>
<p><img title="images/visual.jpg" src="http://mongrel.rubyforge.org/images/visual.jpg" alt="images/visual.jpg" /></p>
<ul>
<li>Mongrel</li>
<li>루비로 구현된 웹서버(파싱은 C로 구현)</li>
<li>+ 설정 불필요</li>
<li>+ 성능</li>
<li>+ 어느 정도의 정적 파일 처리 능력</li>
<li>+ 활발한 개발과 다양하고 상세한 문서 제공</li>
<li>보통 똥개가 아니다!</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h1> 품종 개량 (Evented Mongrel)</h1>
<ul>
<li>루비 스레딩의 취약성</li>
<li>Threaded -> Evented</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code">
<li class="alt"><span><span>gem install eventmachine </span></span></li>
<li class=""><span>gem install swiftiply </span></li>
<li class=""><span><span style="COLOR: #ff0000">env EVENT=1 </span>mongrel_rails start -e production -d </span></li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>개 떼가 필요해! (Mongrel Cluster)</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Mongrel is threaded But Rails is (by default) NOT threaded</p>
<ul>
<li>concurrency 를 위해서는 -> <span style="COLOR: #ff0000">여러 개의 mongrel</span> 필요</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong><span style="COLOR: #008000">mongrel_cluster</span></strong> gem 으로 한 번에 관리</p>
<p> </p>
</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h1>먹이 분배 문제? (Load Balancer)</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<p>load balancer + mongrels(mongrel cluster)</p>
<ul>
<li>tcp balancer</li>
<li>http balancer</li>
<li>web server (with balancer)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img title="docs/SimpleLighttpdMongrelSetup.jpg" src="http://mongrel.rubyforge.org/docs/SimpleLighttpdMongrelSetup.jpg" alt="docs/SimpleLighttpdMongrelSetup.jpg" /></p>
<p> </p>
<h1>TCP Balancer : Pen / Balance</h1>
<ul>
<li>+ 정말 쉬워요</li>
<li>- SSL 불가</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code">
<li>pen -H 4000 localhost:3000 localhost:3001</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>HTTP Balancer : Pound</h1>
<ul>
<li>+ 간단한 설정파일</li>
<li>+ SSL 지원</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>Web Servers</h1>
<ul>
<li>+ 정적 파일 별도 처리</li>
<li>+ 다른 웹플랫폼 지원</li>
<li>- 복잡 (Apache는 엄청 복잡)</li>
<li>
<p>웹서버들</p>
<ul>
<li>Apche+mod_proxy_balancer</li>
<li>Lightspeed </li>
<li>Lighttpd</li>
<li style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">Nginx</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p><img title="images/nginx-black-logo.jpg" src="http://wiki.codemongers.com/images/nginx-black-logo.jpg" alt="images/nginx-black-logo.jpg" /></p>
<ul>
<li>Made in Russia</li>
<li>+ 성능, 성능, 성능!!</li>
<li>+ 활발한 개발</li>
<li>+ 비교적 쉬운 설정</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>배포 스택 결정 초간단 기준표</h1>
<table class="datatable">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>레일스 오늘 처음이에요</td>
<td>Webrick</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>이제 조금 알 것 같네요.</td>
<td>Mongrel ( evented Mongrel)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>좀 더 빠른거요. 쉬우면서.</td>
<td>Pen/Balance + Mongrel_cluster</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>좀 더 빠르거요. SSL 되면서요</td>
<td>Pound + Mongrel_cluster</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>아파치 아니면 안되요. 좀 복잡해도 참을께요</td>
<td>Apache + mod_proxy_balance + Mongrel_cluster</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>무지 빠르고. 간지나는</td>
<td>NginX + Mongrel_cluster</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<h1>참고 문헌</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://mongrel.rubyforge.org/docs/choosing_deployment.html" title="몽그렐의 여러가지 배포 방법" class="external">몽그렐의 여러가지 배포 방법 / Mongrel (추천)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://myruby.net/pages/320379" title="레일스 최적의 배포 환경 / deepblue" class="external">"Rails Deployment" / deepblue (왕추천)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blog.kovyrin.net/2006/08/28/ruby-performance-results/lang/en/" title="Looking For Optimal Solution" class="external">Looking For Optimal Solution</a>, <a href="http://blog.kovyrin.net/2006/08/22/high-performance-rails-nginx-lighttpd-mongrel/" title="High-Performance Rails Setups" class="external">High-Performance Rails Setups</a> / Homo-Adminus blog</li>
<li><a href="http://www.valibuk.net/?p=56" title="Rails, Capistrano, Mongrels and nginx on Gentoo" class="external">Rails, Capistrano, Mongrels and nginx on Gentoo</a> / valibuk.net</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>2. 배포 절차</h1>
<p> </p>
<p><img title="heading_to_ground2.JPG" class="attachment" src="/pages/622563/attachments/276694" alt="heading_to_ground2.JPG" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>Capistrano </h1>
<p><img title="Nerja_Capistrano_Playa_Hotel_Nerja.jpg" class="attachment" src="/pages/622563/attachments/276695" alt="Nerja_Capistrano_Playa_Hotel_Nerja.jpg" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p><img title="Content/3/3386/1361575.jpg" src="http://filelibrary.myaasite.com/Content/3/3386/1361575.jpg" alt="Content/3/3386/1361575.jpg" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>Capistrano 개념</h1>
<p><img title="capistrano_basic_concept.PNG" class="attachment" src="/pages/622563/attachments/276713" alt="capistrano_basic_concept.PNG" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center">cap : capfile = make : makefile</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>필요사항</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<p> 전제 조건</p>
<ul>
<li>SSH 로 원격 서버에 접근 가능</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li> 설치</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code">
<li>gem install capistrano</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>task 정의</h1>
<ul>
<li>원격에서 수행될 내용을 정의</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code">
<li># Capfile</li>
<li>task :count_libs do</li>
<li> run "ls -x1 /usr/lib | wc -l"</li>
<li>end</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li>실행</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code">
<li>cap count_libs</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>내장된 두 개의 task</p>
<ul>
<li>invoke : 한 개의 명령 수행</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 4em">
<li>cap invoke COMMAND="ls -l"</li>
<li>cap invoke COMMAND="ls -l" HOSTS="some.host.org"</li>
</ol>
<ul style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em">
<li>
<p>shell : interactive shell 시작</p>
<ol class="code">
<li>cap shell</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h1>role 정의</h1>
<p>task가 수행 될 대상 원격 서버들을 역할 별로 구분하여 정의</p>
<p> </p>
<ol class="code">
<li>role :web, "web1.doggy.com", "web2.doggy.com"</li>
<li>role :db, "db.doggy.com"</li>
<li>taks :check_free, :roles => [:web, :db] do</li>
<li> run "df -h /"</li>
<li>end</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>Capistrano with Rails</h1>
<table class="datatable">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>개발서버</th>
<th>원격서버(운용서버)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p>install mongrel, mongrel_cluster</p>
<p>install capsitrano</p>
<p>mongrel_rails cluster::configure</p>
<p>capify .</p>
<p>edit depoy.rb</p>
<p>svn add and commit</p>
<p>cap deploy:setup</p>
<p>cap deploy:cold (최초 deploy)</p>
<p>cap deploy (두번째 이후 deploy)</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>install database</p>
<p>create a db for Rails app.</p>
<p>install mongrel, mongrel_cluster,</p>
<p>install capistrano</p>
<p>useradd -d /home/APP -m APP</p>
<p>APP ALL=(ALL) ALL (in /etc/sudoers )</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<h1>capify</h1>
<ul>
<li>Rails 어플리케이션 폴더에 Capitstrano 사용을 기본 설정 파일 생성</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code">
<li>capfify .</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<ul style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em">
<li>[prj_root]/Capfile</li>
</ul>
<ol class="code" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 6em">
<li>load 'deploy'</li>
</ol>
<ul style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em">
<li>[prj_root]/config/<span style="COLOR: #ff0000">deploy.rb</span> 생성</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h1>deploy.rb</h1>
<ul>
<li>deploy.rb 의 예</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<ol class="code">
<li># 원격 서버 login id = 'APP'<br />
set :runner, "APP"</li>
<li>set :user, "APP"</li>
<li># application name</li>
<li>set :application, "dry"</li>
<li># svn repository<br />
set :repository, "svn://src.doggy.com/trunk"</li>
<li># 최신 deploy소스 위치 : /home/APP/dry/current<br />
set :deploy_to, "/home/APP/#{application}"</li>
<li><br />
role :app, "www.doggy.com"<br />
role :web, "www.doggy.com"<br />
role :db, "www.doggy.com", :primary => true</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>script/spin</h1>
<ul>
<li>rails 서버 실행 스크립트</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<ol class="code">
<li>mongrel_rails cluster:start</li>
</ol>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2em"> </p>
<p> </p>
<h1>참고문헌</h1>
<ol>
<li> <a href="http://www.valibuk.net/?p=56" title="Rails, Capistrano, Mongrels and nginx on Gentoo" class="external">Rails, Capistrano, Mongrels and nginx on Gentoo</a> / valibuk.net</li>
<li><a href="http://www.capify.org/getting-started/basics" title="Capistrano Basics" class="external">Capistrano Basics</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.capify.org/getting-started/rails" title="Using Capistrano with Rails" class="external">Using Capistrano with Rails</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.pragprog.com/titles/fr_deploy" title="Deploying Rails Applications" class="external">Deploying Rails Applications</a> / Pragmatic Programmers</li>
</ol>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: right"><img title="photos/uncategorized/2007/08/20/fr_deploy.png" src="http://pragdave.pragprog.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/08/20/fr_deploy.png" alt="photos/uncategorized/2007/08/20/fr_deploy.png" /></p>
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<p><img title="2007/07/thank-you.jpg" src="http://virtualhug.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/thank-you.jpg" alt="2007/07/thank-you.jpg" /></p>
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<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><img title="files/2007/07/question-mark.jpg" src="http://highered.prblogs.org/files/2007/07/question-mark.jpg" alt="files/2007/07/question-mark.jpg" /></p>
<p> </p>
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